Objective Agricultural Biotechnology is a comprehensive, exam-oriented resource designed to provide a clear, concise, and structured understanding of the fundamental and advanced concepts of agricultural biotechnology for students and professionals alike. Covering a wide spectrum of topics—from cell biology, molecular biology, and recombinant DNA technology to plant tissue culture, genome editing, bioinformatics, and nanobiotechnology—the book integrates core principles with modern applications in crop improvement, microbial technology, and sustainable agriculture. Special emphasis has been placed on frequently asked topics in competitive examinations, with content presented in an objective format that facilitates quick revision, conceptual clarity, and effective self-assessment. The book is particularly useful for aspirants preparing for ICAR-JRF, SRF, NET, ARS, UPSC, and other national and state-level examinations in agriculture and life sciences. In addition, it serves as a valuable reference for undergraduate and postgraduate students of agriculture, biotechnology, genetics, and allied disciplines.